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Original Research

Program: Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine

P2C204: Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: Evaluating the Role of S100B and Neuron-specific Enolase

Saturday, October 21, 2023
12:00 PM – 1:30 PM US EDT
Location: Walter E. Washington Convention Center, Exhibit Hall A
Poster Presentation
Background: Bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) is a condition that can cause acute and chronic symptoms, but it remains unclear at what level of bilirubin toxicity begins. Identifying serum markers that can predict neurodevelopmental prognosis can aid in the follow-up of neonates with jaundice. This study aimed to determine the levels of serum S100B and Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) in newborns with jaundice, evaluate the development of neonates using Bayley Scores of Infant Development (BSID), and establish the relationship between these markers and early neurodevelopmental prognosis.

Methods: The study included 50 term and early term neonates who developed jaundice within 7 days after birth, of whom 30 were assigned to the patient group due to high bilirubin levels and received phototherapy, while the remaining 20 were assigned to the control group and had only physiological jaundice. We measured S100B and NSE levels in samples obtained from newborns using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The infants were followed up periodically after discharge, and their BSID scores were determined at the age of 9-12 months.

Results: The mean level of total serum bilirubin on admission in the patient group was 19.9 ± 3.5 mg/dL, and this level decreased to 9.5 ± 2.1 mg/dL after phototherapy (p < 0.001). The levels of NSE and S100B were not significantly different before and after phototherapy. There was no significant difference in Bayley scores between the infants in the patient and control groups. S100B and NSE were not successful in determining phototherapy requirements in the current study, while total serum bilirubin was significant in this regard.

Conclusion: Although S100B and NSE levels were not found to be associated with neurodevelopmental findings in the current study, further studies with higher serum bilirubin levels and larger sample sizes are needed to determine the predictive value of S100B and NSE in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.